Ce document regroupe les codes TIKZ des figures utilisées pour le cours "lois de l'optique géométrique" situé à la page: http://femto-physique.fr/optique_geometrique/opt_C1.php
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% !TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode
% J.Roussel
% Ce document regroupe les codes TIKZ des figures utilisées pour le cours "lois de l'optique géométrique" situé à la page http://femto-physique.fr/optique_geometrique/opt_C1.php
%-------------------------------------------
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\input{styles_optique}
\begin{document}
% ==========================================
% Spectre électromagnétique
% ==========================================
\begin{tikzpicture} [scale=1]
\shade[left color=white,right color=black] (-13.5,0.1) rectangle (-13,2.9);
\node[draw,rectangle,fill=black,text=white,minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2.8cm] at (-12,1.5){$\gamma$};
\node[rectangle,fill=black,text=white,minimum width=2.58cm,minimum height=2.8cm] at (-10,1.5){Rayons X};
\node[rectangle,fill=black,text width=2cm,,text=white,minimum width=2.58cm,minimum height=2.8cm,text centered] at (-7.7,1.5){Ultra Violet};
\node[rectangle,fill=black,text width=2cm,,text=white,minimum width=3.1cm,minimum height=2.8cm,text centered] at (-4.56,1.5){Infra Rouge};
\node[rectangle,fill=black,text width=2cm,,text=white,minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2.8cm,text centered] at (-2,1.5){Micro ondes};
\node[rectangle,fill=black,text width=2cm,,text=white,minimum width=2.5cm,minimum height=2.8cm,text centered] at (0.25,1.5){Ondes Radio (UHF, VHF, HF)};
\shade[left color=black,right color=white] (1.4,0.1) rectangle (2,2.9);
\foreach \x in {-11,-9,-3,-1}\draw[shift={(\x,0)},thin,white] (0,3) -- (0,0);
\draw[->](-13,0)--++(15,0)node[below]{$\lambda$ (m)};
\draw[->](-13,3)--++(15,0)node[above]{$\nu$ (Hz)};
\foreach \x in{-12,-11,...,-1}
\draw[shift={(\x,0)}] (0pt,1pt) -- (0pt,-1pt) node[below] {\small $10^{\x}$};
\foreach \y in {21,20,...,8}
\draw[shift={(8.48-\y,3)}] (0pt,1pt) -- (0pt,-1pt) node[above=2pt] {\small $10^{\y}$};
\foreach \x/\xtext in {1/10,0/1}
\draw[shift={(\x,0)}] (0pt,1pt) -- (0pt,-1pt) node[below=0.2em] {\small $\xtext$};
\foreach \x/\y in {-6.42/violet,-6.37/blue,-6.32/cyan,-6.27/green,-6.22/yellow,-6.17/orange,-6.12/red}
\draw[shift={(\x,0)},\y,line width=0.5mm] (0,3) -- (0,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
%======================================================
% Loi de Snell-Descartes : la réflexion
%======================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.25,x={(-0.353cm,-0.353cm)}, y={(1cm,0cm)}, z={(0cm,1cm)},>=stealth,decoration={markings,mark=at position 1cm with {\arrow{stealth};}}]
\coordinate (O) at (0, 0, 0);
\coordinate (A) at (2,2,0);
\coordinate (M) at (3,4,0);
\coordinate (B) at (2,2,-2);
\draw[verre] (O) -- ++(4, 0, 0) ;
\draw[verre] (O) -- +(0, 4, 0) ;
\draw[verre](O) --++(4,0,0)--++(0,4,0)--++(-4,0,0)--cycle;
\draw[verre](0,4,0) --++(0,0,-0.5)--++(4,0,0)--++(0,0,0.5)--cycle;
\draw[verre](4,0,0) --++(0,0,-0.5)--++(0,4,0)--++(0,0,0.5)--cycle;
\draw[](4,2,-2)--++(0,0,4)--++(-4,0,0)--++(0,0,-4)--cycle;
\draw[] (4,2,-2) node[rotate=45,below right]{\small plan d'incidence};
\draw[dashed] (A) ++(2,0,0)--++(-4, 0, 0) ;
\draw[->,thick,postaction={decorate},red] (4,2,1.5)--(A)--(0,2,1.5);
\draw[dashed] (B)--++(0,0,4)node[rotate=90,above left,fill=white]{\small normale};%la normale
\draw (2,2,0.5) to[bend right] (2.65,2,0.5);
\draw (2.55,2,0.8) node{$i_{1}$};
\draw (2,2,0.75) to[bend left] (1.25,2,0.6);
\draw (1.55,2,0.9) node{$i'_{1}$};
\draw (2,0,1) node{indice $n_{1}$};
\draw (2,0,-1) node{indice $n_{2}$};
\end{tikzpicture}
%======================================================
% Loi de Snell-Descartes.
%======================================================
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.25,x={(-0.353cm,-0.353cm)}, y={(1cm,0cm)}, z={(0cm,1cm)},>=stealth,decoration={markings,mark=at position 1cm with {\arrow{stealth};}}]
\coordinate (O) at (0, 0, 0);
\coordinate (A) at (2,2,0);
\coordinate (M) at (3,4,0);
\coordinate (B) at (2,2,-2);
\draw[verre] (O) -- ++(4, 0, 0) ;
\draw[verre] (O) -- +(0, 4, 0) ;
\draw[verre](O) --++(4,0,0)--++(0,4,0)--++(-4,0,0)--cycle;
\draw[verre](0,4,0) --++(0,0,-2)--++(4,0,0)--++(0,0,2)--cycle;
\draw[verre](4,0,0) --++(0,0,-2)--++(0,4,0)--++(0,0,2)--cycle;
\draw[](4,2,-2)--++(0,0,4)--++(-4,0,0)--++(0,0,-4)--cycle;
\draw[] (4,2,-2) node[rotate=45,below right]{\small plan d'incidence};
\draw[dashed] (A) ++(2,0,0)--++(-4, 0, 0) ;
\draw[->,thick,postaction={decorate},red] (4,2,1.5)--(A)--(0.4,2,-2);
\draw[dashed] (B)--++(0,0,4)node[rotate=90,below left]{\small normale};%la normale
\draw (2,2,0.5) to[bend right] (2.65,2,0.5);
\draw (2.55,2,0.8) node{$i_{1}$};
\draw (2,2,-0.5) to[bend right] (1.5,2,-0.6);
\draw (1.55,2,-0.8) node{$i_{2}$};
\draw (2,0,1) node{indice $n_{1}$};
\draw (2,0,-2) node{indice $n_{2}$};
\end{tikzpicture}
%======================================================
% réflexion totale
%======================================================
\begin{tikzpicture} [scale=1]
\begin{scope}
\def \indice{1.65};%indice de réfraction
\def \incidence {25};% angle d'incidence
\def \refraction {asin(\indice*sin(\incidence))};
\def \anglim{asin(1/(\indice))};
\coordinate (O) at (0,0);
\clip (-2.5,-2.5) rectangle(2.5,3);
\draw[verre](-3,0)--++(6,0)--++(0,-3)--++(-6,0)--cycle;
\draw[gray] (0,-1) node[below left]{$i_{\rm \ell}$} arc(-90:-90-\anglim:1);
\draw[thin,dashed] (0,-2)--(0,2) node[above]{R\'efraction : $i<i_{\rm \ell}$};
\draw (-2,-1) node[right]{$n_1$} (-2,1) node[right]{$n_2<n_1$};
\draw[-<,ultra thick,red] (O)--++({90-\refraction}:3)--++({-90-\refraction}:1);
\draw[->,ultra thick,red] (O)--++({-90-\incidence}:3)--++({90-\incidence}:1);
\draw[dashed,gray] (O)--++({-90-\anglim}:3);
\draw (0,-0.5) node[below left]{$i$} arc(-90:-90-\incidence:0.5);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=6cm]
\def \indice{1.65};%indice de réfraction
\def \anglim{asin(1/(\indice))};
\coordinate (O) at (0,0);
\clip (-2.5,-2.5) rectangle(2.5,3);
\draw[verre](-3,0)--++(6,0)--++(0,-3)--++(-6,0)--cycle;
\draw[thin,dashed] (0,-2)--(0,2) node[above]{R\'efraction limite : $i=i_{\rm \ell}$};
\draw[-<,ultra thick,red] (O)--++(0:3)--++(180:1);
\draw[->,ultra thick,red] (O)--++({-90-\anglim}:3)--++({90-\anglim}:1);
\draw (0,-0.5) node[below left]{$i_{\rm \ell}$} arc(-90:-90-\anglim:0.5);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[xshift=12cm]
\def \indice{1.65};%indice de réfraction
\def \anglim{asin(1/(\indice))};
\coordinate (O) at (0,0);
\clip (-2.5,-2.5) rectangle(2.5,3);
\draw[verre](-3,0)--++(6,0)--++(0,-3)--++(-6,0)--cycle;
\draw[thin,dashed] (0,-2)--(0,2) node[above]{R\'eflexion totale : $i>i_{\rm \ell}$};
\draw[dashed,gray] (O)--++({-90-\anglim}:3);
\draw[->,ultra thick,red] (O)--++(-150:3)--++(30:1);
\draw[-<,ultra thick,red] (O)--++(-30:3)--++(150:1);
\draw (0,-0.5) node[below left]{$i$} arc(-90:-150:0.5);
\draw[gray] (0,-1) node[below left]{$i_{\rm \ell}$} arc(-90:-90-\anglim:1);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}